compact synonyms, compact pronunciation, compact translation, English dictionary definition of compact. The branches may be quite free or they may be united laterally to form a solid body of more or less firm and compact consistency. How to use sprawl in a sentence. Information and translations of federal district in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Note: Information on the districting principles, or criteria, used by each state as it redrew legislative and congressional districts for the 2010 Census and beyond is available at Districting Principles for 2010 and Beyond.. About This NCSL Project. 32. 5 The compact city • The compact city concept aims at a high-density mixed-use, and intensified urban form. Gerrymandering can also be used to help or hurt a demographic in particular, such as the elderly, or the poor. 1 They are also physically compact, transit-accessible, and technically-wired and offer mixed-use housing, . Contiguity is a simple step to fairness of representation by ensuring that voters in a district have at least one thing in common—they are relatively near to one another. Definition of federal district in the Definitions.net dictionary. Compact districts are preferred but rank last among the criteria. Sample 1. The commission structure has been challenged in federal court, thus far unsuccessfully. Compact Law and Legal Definition. These districts, by our definition, . An urban area with clearly defined boundaries, in which the residential and commercial districts are relatively close together, forestalling the development of rural land and . For example, in the United States, voters registered with the Democratic Party tend to be concentrated in cities, potentially resulting in a large number of "wasted" votes if compact districts are drawn around city populations. This zone is also used as a holding zone until development occurs. Divide each of the following states into the assigned number of contiguous districts, without dividing blocks of squares that are the same color. It is a walkable, compact area that is easy for visitors to recognize. Sample 2. The governor will appoint a 10-member commission for the Senate districts, choosing five Republicans and five Democrats from among nominees submitted by the state parties. 2. business incubators and accelerators. Districts are also physically compact, transit-accessible, and offer mixed-use housing, office, and retail. It draws districts that respect the boundaries of census blocks, which are the smallest geographic units used by the Census Bureau. It was first recognized by the Supreme Court in the 1993 case Shaw v. Reno. district compactness have di erent scales and \ideal districts" that must be understood to inter-pret a particular compactness result. A district should be compact (not spread out) and contiguous (the territory must share all the same border). Photo by Bennett Leckrone. Sample 1. 41. The meaning of SPRAWL is to lie or sit with arms and legs spread out. One would choose the most compact plan from among those that meet other criteria, such as equality of populations. A separate case pending before the state Supreme Court alleges that 11 state House and Senate districts are not compact enough. Voters are supposed to choose candidates. In most cases, the gold standard for a district's shape is a circle. Based on 5 documents. The Constitution contains the Compact Clause, which prohibits one state from entering into a compact with another state without the consent of Congress. They Compactness intuitively refers to both how close a legislative district's boundaries are to its geographic center and how "regular" in shape a district appears to be. Compact/Contract District - One form of a CTPD, or legal entity through which career-technical programs are delivered. process by which representative districts are switched according to population shifts, so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people. islative Districts shall be compact." The Constitution of Hawaiirequiresthat"Insofaraspracticable,districtsshall be compact." In Arizona, the Constitution orders that "Districts shall be geographically compact and contigu-ous to the extent practicable."3 The federal courts have been similarly vague. Compact An agreement, treaty, or contract. Parisian voters are restricted in favor of a single party. Gerrymandering. A district that is not compact may be considered gerrymandered. Unfortunately, even then there appears to be UK English definition of COMPACT CITY along with additional meanings, example sentences, and ways to say. Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power. The term used to describe a reduction in the voting strength of a racial or ethnic group resulting from a redistricting plan or other change in election procedures. Compactness can also refer to a shared culture among the residents of a district, with compact districts being those in which most residents share a common culture. The 13 commissioners were selected on Aug. 17, 2020.. On December 28, 2021, the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission voted to approve a final congressional and state legislative . A measure of 1 indicates that the district was a perfect circle, and thus the most compact of all shapes. as the State will no doubt provide in the compact for the rights, and the consent of the . compact: [adjective] predominantly formed or filled : composed, made. For this reason, a number of measures of compactness have been devised to assess or defend the districts in a plan. Broome County's legislative districts will change in 2022. Word of the day. Meaning of federal district. A-1 (Open Lands, Parks): Zone intended for larger land areas for development such as parks, schools, golf courses, agriculture and rural residential neighborhoods. Example: Assume each square in the district map below has an area of one square mile. But when lawmakers draw district lines to entrench one party's political power, some votes count more than others. Generally, a district is also considered contiguous if the district is split by a body of water, but there is a method of transport over the water, such as a bridge. The partisan breakdown of districts and the expected number of seats controlled by Democrats and Republicans, based on their long-term likelihood of winning each district. Explain the relationship between redistricting and the United States Census. 1930s. The most often cited advantages are that multimember districts. Municipal Cultural Districts effective October 2019 CULTURAL DISTRICT DEFINITION A Cultural District is a specific area of a city or town identified by the municipality that has a number of cultural facilities, activities and/or assets - both for profit and nonprofit. I don't know how many times I repeated that definition to myself in my. A district that is not compact may be considered gerrymandered. The Brennan Center's solutions: independent redistricting commissions in every state and legal protections against extreme gerrymandering. The term compact is most often applied to agreements among states or between nations on matters in which they have a common concern. noun US . 2. This ensures that the district boundaries reflect actual. 1. Occupying little space compared with others of its type: a. The real definition of compactness is that a space is compact if every open cover of the space has a finite subcover. The racial gerrymander prohibits racially segregated political districts. Sample 3. splitting. For example, with the Reock measure, a perfectly circular district would receive a score of \1", a perfect square a score of \.64", and less compact districts receive smaller scores. 37. By constitution or statute, 32 states require their legislative districts to be reasonably compact; 17 states require congressional districts to be compact as well. Other redistricting goals — like keeping a district compact or within county borders — are usually proxies for keeping communities intact. This case was filed in 2015 to challenge state General Assembly districts for violating Virginia's constitutional requirement to draw compact districts. As of 2018, Michigan uses an independent commission to draw congressional and state legislative districts. Compactness (low perimeter to area ratio or a similar measure) Sometimes competitiveness is included as well, with the goal of creating districts that will be as evenly split in two-party partisanship as possible. To promote a more compact, pedestrian-friendly environment, off street parking shall be located behind or to the side of buildings to the greatest extent possible. Congressional districts are the 435 areas from which members are elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. In redistricting, dividing and diluting a strong minority to deny it the ability to elect a number of representatives comparable to its percentage of the population. The CS student's district of residence is the district providing a Comprehensive CT program; and; The CS student is dually enrolled in the CS and the Comprehensive's CT Program. 3. • The idea emphasizes that urban activities should be located closer together to ensure better access to services and facilities via public transport, walking, and cycling, and more efficient utility and infrastructure provision. The bulldog is a small, compact but extremely heavily built animal of great strength, vigour and tenacity. these zoning districts will be called "Compact Neighborhoods." This new tool complements Chapter 40R, the Commonwealth's Smart Growth Overlay District statute. One of the unique things about Gill v. Whitford is that, unlike many other gerrymandering cases, the Wisconsin Assembly districts do not have bizarre shapes. compact synonyms, compact pronunciation, compact translation, English dictionary definition of compact. Definition of Compact City in English: Compact City. A more rigorous definition of gerrymandering. redrawn Third Congressional District as shown in the map above. The Compact has provisions for member states to facilitate school transition in the following areas: Education Records and Enrollment. West's Encyclopedia of . The index is created by comparing a district area to perimeter ratio with that of a circle. ORGANIZATIONAL TERM DEFINITION insular areaA jurisdiction that is neither a part of one of the several States nor a Federal district. For this reason, a number of measures of compactness have been devised to assess or defend the districts in a plan. Occupying little space compared with others of its type: a. In 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that districts must follow the principle of "one man, one vote" and have fair borders and an appropriate population mixture. The . What does federal district mean? Redistricting is the process of redrawing state legislative and congressional district boundaries every 10 years by state legislatures following . 7. This is the current generic term to refer to any commonwealth, freely associated state, possession or territory or Territory and from July 18, 1947, until October 1, 1994, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. 2-6 and No. noun US . The district court ruled that the districts were constitutionally valid in 2017. What to know about the plan. compact. Identify the political phenomena represented on this map. C. Identify and discuss TWO political consequences that could . Now pretend you are placing a disk (like a quarter or a dime . A racial gerrymander is a legal claim under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. In 1842, the Reapportionment Act required that congressional districts be contiguous and compact. Scholars' ' Views Of Trying to Achieve Compactness "A district pattern of symmetrical squares, although conceivable, well can operate to submerge a significant element of the electorate …" "As a practical matter, absolute compactness absolute compactness (districts forming perfect circles that are even Closely and firmly united or packed together; dense: compact clusters of flowers. When this decision was appealed, the Virginia Supreme Court upheld this ruling. Origin. Open Land. One would choose the most compact plan from among those that meet other criteria, such as equality of populations. Structured parking is encouraged, provided it is integrated into the design of the overall development and is compatible with surrounding neighborhoods. In comparison to partisan gerrymandering, racial gerrymandering legal doctrine is well developed and . For districts that have formed a compact the answer is yes, if: The CS student is a resident of the compact district offering the CT program; Geographic compactness: Compactness refers to the shape of a district and although there are several highly technical measures of compactness, the term generally refers to how irregular the shape of a district is. Philippine congressional districts are contiguous and compact territories composed of adjacent local government units where practicable. The Compact asks school districts in member states to assist military families with the transfer of education records, additional time for immunization and continuity of enrollment in kindergarten and first grade: Sample 2. Retrogression. However, you are able to get a license issued for these states through the compact once you have entered into the compact via another State of Principle Licensure. Few states define precisely what "compactness" means, but a district in which people generally live near each other is usually more compact than one in which they do not. Meaning of Compact City in English: Compact City. adj. Gerrymandering & Fair Representation. How the maps compare on district competitiveness, minority makeup, respect for local borders, compactness and the efficiency gap, an attempt to gauge how politically . The Blues win 5 seats and the Reds don't . Compactness and contiguity both relate to the physical spaces drawn. 1. They do a voter- and. To participate in this program, a municipality must: (1) identify an "as-of-right" base or overlay zoning district (Compact Neighborhood); You can see that in grid 2 above, "compact but unfair." With a comfortable Blue majority in this state, each district elects a blue candidate to the House. The districts have been num-bered for your convenience. . Since truly compact districts of nearly equal population may be impossible to achieve, the best that can be hoped for is a standard that measures the relative compactness of different plans. They are single-member districts which return one member each to the lower chamber, elected to serve a maximum of three consecutive three-year terms through a first-past-the-post voting system. Compact commissions are frequently granted the authority to hire staff, which is responsible for implementing the policies and procedures established by the commission Unfortunately, even then there appears to be can more easily reflect administrative divisions or communities of interest within the country because there is flexibility with regard to the numbers of representatives per district and, therefore, the size and geographic composition of the . These measures aim to quantify how compact or dispersed a district is. Compact districts tend to resemble geometric shapes, such as squares, with straight borders. A-2 (Open Land, Reserve): Zone intended for permanent open space and to properly guide growth on the fringe areas of the city. BASE ZONING DISTRICTS . For example, in the United States, voters registered with the Democratic Party tend to be concentrated in cities, potentially resulting in a large number of "wasted" votes if compact districts are drawn around city populations. The Anne Arundel County Circuit Court building. 5. Elaine Wijnja at 617-573-1360 Elaine.Wijnja@State . Julie Wagner Nonresident Senior Fellow - Brookings Metro Maryland's new congressional districts are more compact than their immediate predecessors but are still significantly less compact than historic districts in the state, an analyst testified in a trial challenging the redistricting plan Tuesday. Redistricting is the redrawing or adjusting of electoral district boundaries every ten years to account for population shifts and growth during the previous decade. A geospatial analysis firm named it the least compact district in the nation. As the name indicates, it is viewed as a good measure of the dispersion of the area of a district. In the context of determining representative districts, the process by which the majority and minority populations are spread evenly across each of the districts to be . These measures aim to quantify how compact or dispersed a district is. An urban area with clearly defined boundaries, in which the residential and commercial districts are relatively close together, forestalling the development of rural land and reducing the need to commute by car. After the apportionment of congressional seats among the states, which is based on decennial census population counts, each state with multiple seats is responsible for establishing congressional districts for the purpose of electing representatives. Definition: I can call District G compact if the smallest circle that can cover my district isn't unreasonably large (in terms of radius). The report assesses the compactness of each district, identifying ones with unusual shapes and twisting boundary lines. While there are different measures of compactness, compact districts would not have the ugly and peculiar shapes that current districts have that are drawn to serve the purposes of incumbents and political parties. Define compact. Instead, they have more ordinary shapes similar to rectangles and circles. 8 — using a tool called Dave's Redistricting App (more on that later). Compact, transit-accessible, and technically-wired, innovation districts foster open collaboration, grow talent, and offer mixed-used housing, office, and retail." Future state board participation: The following states and districts have passed legislation to be part of the compact, but implementation has been delayed or is in progress. A district is considered contiguous if all parts of the district are in physical contact with some other part of the district. Every 10 years, state legislatures, legislative commissions or separate. A. "The district is geographically compact to the extent possible, recognizing that the City's North and East boundaries have jagged lines and while balancing the other criteria and community of interest boundaries. . 45. Define compact. Since truly compact districts of nearly equal population may be impossible to achieve, the best that can be hoped for is a standard that measures the relative compactness of different plans. The testis is a single compact organ. The Broome County legislature will meet Thursday to vote on a new map that will redraw the shape of the . Geographically-compact districting plans will tend to pack Democratic voters into districts where they have 80% of the vote or whatever, thus wasting their votes. adj. Contiguity refers to the rule that electoral districts in a state be physically adjacent. Therefore, randomly drawn, compact districts will tend to pack Democrats in a small number of urban districts, while giving Republicans more modest majorities in a larger number of rural and . It is an area in which a number of school districts enter into a contract of operation to provide career-technical education. The maps will be submitted to a pair of existing bipartisan commissions for approval. Closely and firmly united or packed together; dense: compact clusters of flowers. In yet another case, a federal court in 2016 redrew congressional . ecdysiast We drew six of these sets by hand — Nos. The commission can form committees, including an executive committee that is responsible for making day-to-day decisions. SECTION REFERENCE AG Agricultural District 7.5.1 RE Rural Estate District 7.5.2 RL Residential Low Density 7.5.3 RM-1 Residential Medium Density 7.5.4 RM-2 Residential Medium Density 7.5.5 RV Residential Village 7.5.6 RC Residential Compact 7.5.7 O-I Office-Institutional District 7.5.8 B-1 Neighborhood Commercial/Office District 7.5.9 The smaller the measure the more likely the district is extremely extended and misshapen. B. Advantages of Multimember Districts. According to 25 CFR 1000.2 [Title 25 ; Indians Chapter Vi ;Office Of The Assistant Secretary, Indian Affairs, Department Of Interior Part 1000 ; Annual Funding Agreements Under The Tribal Self-Government Act Amendments To The Indian Self-Determination And Education Act Subpart A ; General Provisions] Compact . Another widely used compactness measure is the ratio of the area of a district to the area of a circle with the same perimeter as the district (the Polsby-Popper or Perimeter measure): Polsby-Popper or Perimeter Measure Courts' evaluations of districting have led to the discovery of several principles: compactness, contiguity and near-equal population allocation. Gerrymandering is the act of manipulating the boundaries of an electoral district, so as to give one political party more election districts than the other party and, as a result, more votes. Bethune-Hill v. Compact Neighborhoods is explained further in the following document: Compact Neighborhoods Policy (effective November 14, 2012) Compact Neighborhood Zoning (CNZ) Application Contact Information. Make districts compact while following county borders. A compact section is one that can develop a plastic hinge prior to local buckling of the flange or the web, provided that adequate lateral bracing is provided. For more information, please contact: William Reyelt at 617-573-1355, or William.Reyelt@State.MA.US. A district of farmers, say, and a district of city dwellers will probably elect representatives that reflect differing histories, priorities, and aspirations. Compact state means a state, the District of Columbia, or. The authors of the 2011 map were able to preserve relatively compact and even-looking districts. Compact state means a state that has entered into a reciprocity agreement with Indiana through NASDTEC for instruction, school services, or administration licensure. 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